Effect of extracurricular activities on the gpa

An example of this would be a varsity player who has training in the afternoon till evening, then goes home with the notion that he still has to do an immense amount of paper work due the following morning. Furthermore, Roland, a professional writer, graduate of B. S. En may also pull his grades down if he becomes too engrossed [Emphasis mine] with other activities. This all boils down to the fact that poor time management will be the main downfall of an individual's academic performance. At this point, the question to ask is what's in it for one's character formation? Well, the experts have some points on this matter. First, McNealy summarizes that these activities actually are conducive to facilitate effective communication [Emphasis mine] (Francisco) because an individual is put in a situation wherein interaction is a just.To illustrate this point, there is no such thing as a theatre actor who cannot communicate with his fellow actors, much more to the audience. He cannot be calle d one if he does not exemplify this trait. Second, confidence [Emphasis mine] is also attained through the process of the venture (Francisco) Nominal 3 for the same reason that one is put in this situation wherein bravery must be exercised with the help of this so called confidence. Again to compare it with an actor, one must be able to deliver his lines with absolutely no evidence of fear while he is carrying the weight of a performance.These two points presented are further strengthened by † [a] 2001 survey of more than 50,000 high school students in Minnesota published in March 2003 issue of the Journal of School Health found that those who participated in extracurricular activities had higher [Emphasis mine] levels of social, emotional, and healthy behavior than students who did not participate (Francisco). † Altogether these findings indicate that confidence and communication skills, two of the many, are integral to building one's character through extracurricular a ctivities as backed up by the prior evidence that are found inFranciscans research. On the other hand, there are also a few drawbacks or cons when it comes to character formation when one considers other miscellaneous influences. One would be the parents' influence wherein they'd force an individual to learn this certain activity but that task isn't to his liking, thus, all the more he is stressed [Emphasis mine] out (Roland). According to Frederick's, another drawback would be the unavoidable internal influences that one may encounter such as malicious authorities and peers who will force him to do harmful vices and delinquent actions (Francisco).What's more is that the people who are participating in the extracurricular activity may actually be the one bringing themselves down for neglect of their other obligations like family, friends, etc. Without a doubt it would be disastrous if they were to treat their extra undertakings as their own vices. Finally, these findings would certa inly be mainly dependent in the kind of educational context one is in. In conclusion, after all the facts have been presented, it all depends on an individual's choice whether or not he chooses to Join and bestow upon himself the benefits and pay a price or stay free with little or no improvement.

Applications of fluorescent protein-based biosensors for the elucidation of protein function within cells Essays

Applications of fluorescent protein-based biosensors for the elucidation of protein function within cells Essays Applications of fluorescent protein-based biosensors for the elucidation of protein function within cells Essay Applications of fluorescent protein-based biosensors for the elucidation of protein function within cells Essay Biosensors are used for sensing of an analyte ( e.g. a little molecule, a protein, or an enzymatic activity ) and its interaction with a molecular acknowledgment component, MRE ( e.g. a protein sphere ) . It consists of 3 parts ; the sensitive biological component, the transducer or sensor component ( which transforms the signal resulting from the interaction into another signal that can be more easy measured and quantified ) , and signal processors ( show consequences ) . Biorecognition processes require biosensors to hold the ability to transduce an event into an discernible alteration e.g. coloring material or fluorescence hue i.e. an effectual transducer component. A alteration frequently attach toing an event is an change of the geometry of the MRE ( distance alteration between the MRE and its analyte protein-protein interaction, or a conformational alteration of the MRE allosteric proteins ) . In recent old ages, biochemists adapted the term biosensor to mention to genetically encoded designed proteins that are self-sufficing sensing systems for a figure of marks. The chief difference between conventional biosensors and genetically encoded biosensors is the nature of the transducer. Conventionally, a transducer is a man-made and modified surface that is electrochemically or optically sensitive to the action of the biomolecule. In contrast, the pick of transducer for a genetically encoded biosensor is constrained to being genetically encoded ( 1 ) . Aequorea green fluorescent protein ( FP ) and its discrepancies are a critical constituent of genetically encoded biosensors. The scope of FP-based biosensors which include different designs can be used by research workers to supervise alterations in the geometry of an MRE through the assorted features of the FPs e.g. transition of the fluorescence chromaticity or strength of an intrinsically fluorescent protein. The usage of genetically encoded FP-based biosensors offers several advantages compared to other techniques ( such as dye-based investigations ) . They are comparatively easy to build utilizing standard molecular biological science techniques and can be used to analyze protein localization of function and kineticss within life cells. The latter occurs through the non-invasive debut of these biosensors into cells ( they are produced utilizing cellular machinery ) where they can obtain information of specific biochemical and biorecognition procedures from any one of a broad scope of cellular compartments without interfering with the interaction ( 2 ) . All genetically encoded FP-based biosensors can be assembled into the undermentioned 5 groups depending on their construction: * Group 1 intramolecular FRET-based biosensors * Group 2 intermolecular FRET-based biosensors * Group 3 BiFC-based biosensors * Group 4 individual FP-based biosensors with an exogenic MRE * Group 5 individual FP-based biosensors with an endogenous MRE Group 1 biosensors are based on intramolecular Forster Resonance Energy Transfer ( FRET ) . FRET is the distance- and orientation-dependent nonradiative transportation of internal energy from a higher-energy giver fluorophore to a lower-energy acceptor fluorophore through dipole-dipole yoke. FRET-based biosensors have all of their constituents on a individual polypeptide concatenation ( two FPs flanking an MRE ) and the analyte brings about a alteration in the construction or conformation of the MRE unit ( see Fig 1 ) . Modulating the distance or comparative orientations between the fluorophores affects the FRET efficiency, which is revealed by the acceptor ( IA ) /donor ( ID ) emanation ratio i.e. an addition in IA at the disbursal of ID. FRET occurs about outright and is reversible, therefore supplying better declaration than the BiFC method ( discussed subsequently ) ( 3 ) . Application of this biosensor design includes sensing of proteolytic activities. An MRE consisting of a polypeptide that is a substrate for the peptidase under probe is used to observe proteolytic activity. Tsai MT et Al ( 4 ) late carried out a survey to supervise intracellular human enterovirus ( HEV ) peptidase activity by utilizing a HEV 3C peptidase FRET-based biosensor. They found that this system was a agency for rapid sensing, quantification and drug susceptibleness proving for HEVs. FRET-based biosensors can besides be used to observe post-translational alteration ( PTM ) enzymes activities. An MRE with the ability to observe PTM enzyme activity ( catalyses the covalent alteration of a substrate ) is composed of a specific substrate and a binding sphere. The MRE so undergoes geometry alterations in response to PTM activity. This attack was late used to observe ERK ( kinase enzyme ) activity. EKAR, a genetically encoded FRET-based detector of ERK activity was designed and te sted. EKAR selectively and reversibly reported ERK activity after EGF stimulation in HEK293 cells, leting for the analysis of ERK signalling in life cells ( 5 ) . A 3rd application of this design is to observe MRE conformational alterations triggered by the presence of its analyte. Some proteins e.g. bacterial periplasmic binding proteins ( 6 ) undergo such a alteration. Consequently, they have been used to do FRET based biosensors for analytes such as glucose, Ca2+ and Zn2+ . Group 2 includes biosensors based on intermolecular FRET. The two FPs are in two different polypeptide ironss ( the MRE is fused to one FP and the analyte protein is fused to another ) and are brought closer together by a protein-protein interaction ( see Fig 2 ) . This design has been used to analyze the oligomerisation province of different members of the G-protein-coupled-receptor ( GPCR ) superfamily. It has besides been used to analyze mGluR1 activation. Marcaggi P et Al ( 7 ) employed the FRET phenomenon to analyze the activation dynamicss of mGluR1. The writers show that the alterations in FRET correlative with activation of the receptor. Care must be taken when construing intermolecular FRET consequences, since FRET may perchance happen between two proteins that show no interactions straight. There may besides be fluctuation in the look degree of the two halves of the biosensor. This is of peculiar concern when ratiometric measurings are taken. Group 3 biosensors, bimolecular fluorescence complementation ( BiFC ) , enable direct visual image of protein interactions in life cells. The BiFC attack is based on the reconstitution of a fluorescent composite when two proteins ( MRE and analyte ) , fused to non-fluorescent fragments of a fluorescent protein, interact with each other. The interaction between the merger proteins facilitates the association between the fragments of the fluorescent protein ( see Fig 3 ) . This attack enables visual image of a assortment of protein-protein interactions in the normal cellular environment. BiFC composites have been visualized in all major subcellular compartments of mammalian cells, including lysosomes, the plasma membrane, lamellipodia, Golgi, the endoplasmic Reticulum, chondriosome, viral atoms, and lipid droplets. It has provided particular penetration into the ordinance of complex localization of function including atomic translocation ( 8 ) . It has besides been used in a survey of the grippe A polymerase composite to find the interaction between its 3 fractional monetary units ( PA, PB1 and PB2 ) required for the written text and reproduction of the viral genome. It revealed a antecedently unknown PA-PB2 interaction and provided a model for farther probe of the biological relevancy of the PA-PB2 interaction in the polymerase activity and viral reproduction of grippe A virus ( 9 ) . A motley BiFC check may besides be used for coincident imagination of more than one event in unrecorded cells. This check is based on the formation of fluorescent composites with diffe rent spectra through the association of fragments belonging to different FPs, making Chimeras with a assortment of fluorescent chromaticities ( see Fig 4 ) . This technique was used in a survey to look into the oligomerization province of adenosine A ( 2A ) and dopamine D2 GPCRs found to be ligand-dependent, and besides how they were affected by the presence of certain drugs ( 10 ) . A restriction of the BiFC attack is that there is a hold ( dependent on the sensitiveness of the sensing method ) between the clip when the merger proteins interact with each other and the clip when the complex becomes fluorescent. This is due to the slow rate of the chemical reactions required to bring forth the fluorophore. Therefore, an advantage of FRET over BiFC analysis is that real-time sensing of complex formation and dissociation is possible. Group 4 biosensors use an exogenic MRE inserted into a individual FP at certain locations. Information about the birecognition event from the MRE is carried to the chromophore altering its spectral belongingss ( see Fig 5 ) . A biosensor with this design was used in a recent survey by Berg J et Al ( 11 ) . The detector was constructed by uniting cmpVenus ( a circularly permuted discrepancy of green fluorescent protein ) with a bacterial regulative protein ; GlnK1 ( used an ATP specific MRE ) . Binding of ATP caused conformational alterations in GlnK1 protein which ratiometrically changed the excitement profile of cmpVenus. Initially, the purpose was to find the ATP concentration. However, as ADP binds to the same site ( bring forthing a smaller alteration in fluorescence than ATP ) , competition between the two substrates made the detector more suited for ratiometric measuring of ATP: ADP concentration ratio by excitation. , in unrecorded cells. This is a all right illustration of tuning and optimizing biosensors. The same design has been used for Ca2+ , Zn2+ and cGMP sensing in other surveies. Group 5 biosensors besides use a individual FP but with an endogenous MRE. An illustration of this design is a redox-sensitive GFP ( roGFP ) . By permutation of two surface-exposed residues on the Aequorea Victoria green fluorescent protein with cysteines in appropriate places to organize disulfide bonds, redox-sensitive GFPs ( roGFPs ) were created, which allowed for ratiometric measuring of the cell oxidation-reduction position ( 12 ) . This theoretical account has late been improved through merger of roGFP to human glutaredoxin-1 ( Glx1 ) , which catalyses rapid equilibration between roGFP and glutathione, bettering the response rate of roGFP ( 13 ) . Most FP discrepancies show pH-dependent alteration in their spectral belongingss, which consequences in a alteration in their fluorescence strength. This makes measurings hard to graduate. To get the better of this restriction, the pH-dependent alterations in EGFP ( an engineered avGFP discrepancy ) fluorescence life-time have late been imaged, instead than strength, as the former does non depend on fluorophore concentration ( 14 ) . It must be noted that some designs do non suit the 5 chief classs. Esposito et Al ( 15 ) displayed an interesting illustration of FRET-based pH biosensor that is composed of a pH-insensitive giver fluorophore and a pH-sensitive acceptor fluorophore. Unlike the conventional FRET-based biosensors that depend on the alterations in comparative distance and/or orientation of the fluorophores, this biosensor depends on the spectral alterations of the acceptor fluorophore that accompany pH alterations which in bend change the overlap built-in impacting FRET. Decision As research continues, life scientists will look to engineer a complete set of biosensors that are specifically tuned to the conditions of the event under probe. In add-on to building new biosensors, it is of import to go on bettering the specificity of the current theoretical accounts. This may even happen through incidental findings such as that found in the survey by Berg J et Al, which looked ab initio at ATP concentration but subsequently found that the biosensor was a better index of the ATP: ADP concentration ratio ( see above ) . Another avenue which can be explored is the monitoring of more than one cellular event through a combination of different types of biosensors. An interesting illustration of this is a survey by Ai H W et Al ( 16 ) which looks at observing caspase-3 activity in the cytol and nucleus utilizing two FRET braces at the same time. This survey shows how the usage of this brace preserved the temporal declaration of the caspase-3 activity in the cytol and in the karyon. Despite the unknown and yet to be explored, there has been immense advancement in the development of genetically encoded biosensors. Through such devices, researches now have an increased ability to image specific biochemical and biorecognition procedures with the saving of subcellular information. Mentions 1. Campbell, R. E. Fluorescent-Protein-Based Biosensors: Transition of Energy Transfer as a Design Principle. Anal. Chem. 2009 ; 81:5972-5979 2. Ibraheem, A. and Campbell, R. E. Designs and application of fluorescent protein-based biosensors. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2010 ; 14:30-36 3. Wang, Y. X. et Al. Fluorescence proteins, live-cell imagination, and mechanobiology: visual perception is believing. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2008 ; 10:1-38 4. Tsai, M. T. et Al. Real-time monitoring of human enterovirus ( HEV ) -infected cells and anti-HEV 3C peptidase authority by fluorescence resonance energy transportation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 ; 53:748-755 5. Harvey, C. D. et Al. A genetically encoded fluorescent detector of ERK activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008 ; 105:19264-19269 6. Dwyer, M. A. and Hellinga, H. W. Periplasmic binding proteins: a various superfamily for protein technology. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2004 ; 14:495-504 7. Marcaggi, P. et Al. Optical measuring of mGluR1 conformational alterations reveals fast activation, slow inactivation, and sensitisation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2009 ; 106:11388-11393 8. Kerppola, T. K. Biomolecular fluorescence complementation ( BiFC ) analysis as a investigation of protein interactions in life cells. Annu Rev Biophys. 2008 ; 37:465-487 9. Hemerka, J. N. et Al. Detection and word picture of grippe A virus PA-PB2 interaction through a bimolecular fluorescence complementation check. J Virol. 2009 ; 83:3944-3955 10. Vidi, P. A. et Al. Ligand-dependent oligomerization of Dopastat D2 and adenosine A ( 2A ) receptors in populating neural cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 ; 74:544-551 11. Berg, J. et Al. A genetically encoded fluorescent newsman of ATP: ADP ratio. Nat Methods. 2009 ; 6:161-166 12. Hanson, G. T. et Al. Investigating mitochondrial redox potency with redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein indexs. J Biol Chem. 2004 ; 279:13044-13053 13. Gutscher, M. et Al. Real-time imagination of the intracellular glutathione oxidation-reduction potency. Nat Methods. 2008 ; 5:553-559 14. Nakabayashi, T. et Al. Application of fluorescence life-time imagination of enhanced green fluorescent protein to intracellular pH measurings. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2008 ; 7:668-670 15. Esposito, A. et Al. pHlameleons: a household of FRET-based protein detectors for quantitative pH imagination. Biochemistry. 2008 ; 47:13115-13126 16. Ai, H.W. et Al. Fluorescent protein FRET brace for ratiometric imagination of double biosensors. Nat Methods. 2008 ; 5:401-403 6

Earley North America essays

Earley North America essays In the early 16th century, the European super powers, England, France and Spain decided to "broaden" their horizons. All three set sail in an attempt to further their power. But when they reached the shores of what is now known as Canada and Mexico what would they find? Would they find a land all ready occupied by a new and distinctly fascinating society? No, they found a land for the taking. These European "settlers" gave no regard to the native populations whom already occupied this vast land. Explorers such as Hernan Cortes and Jacques Cartier carried out this travesty by such factors as political and psychological warfare, economic competition between native cultures, and through the importation of disease. The Spanish, led by the Hernan Cortes, were responsible for the near annihilation of the native populations of Mexico. The main objective of the mission was to accumulate wealth so that Cortes could get rid of the large debt he and his men had incurred for this expensive expedition, as they had not been very successful on previous missions (Meyer 93). When the expedition arrived in Tabasco, the local natives resisted Cortes and the bloodshed began. The Spanish fought and killed two hundred natives while suffering only two deaths. Because of this battle the natives believed that the Spanish were invincible. Cortes used this to his advantage. He used horses, greyhounds and firearms to scare and intimidate the natives. He even went so far as to stage mock battles (Meyer 98). Cortes also used the native rivalries to his advantage. He would use all the natives that were against the Aztecs, the only known threat to the Spanish, as slaves and warriors to help him fight. In 1519, Cortes and his new men found their way into a town called Cholula that was allied with the Aztecs. The Spanish attacked and burned the town killing six thousand Cholulan warriors (Meyer104). Cortes used this massacre to send a powerful messa...

Advantage And Disadvantages Of Fixed Wing Versus Rotor Wing Engineering Essay

Advantage And Disadvantages Of Fixed Wing Versus Rotor Wing Engineering Essay Since 1919, law enforcement agencies have used fixed wing and rotor wing aircrafts to assist in enforcing the law. In 2007, data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics showed that large law enforcement departments provided aerial enforcement in the District of Columbia and 46 states. There were 295 airplanes and 604 helicopters being operated, which flew more than 330,000 missions. http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/aullea07.pdf The types of airplane that are used by law enforcement are Cessna 182, Cessna 206, Pilatus PC-12 Spectres, P-3 Orions, Citations, Learjets, Gulfstream jets, King Air 350s and 200s and some larger airliner-type aircraft. Some of the helicopters used are the American Euro-copter EC120/130/145, AStar AS350/355N/350 B2, Dolphin HH-65C, Blackhawk UH-60, Maverick, Raven II R44, Cayuse OH-6 and McDonnell Douglas MD 600. The types of missions these aircrafts conduct are surveillance, drug interdiction, fugitive searches, routine patrol or support, search and re scue, personnel transport, prisoner transport, SWAT operation, traffic enforcement, speed enforcement, homeland security, photographic, medical support and evacuation. Both types of aircrafts have their advantages and disadvantages in airborne law enforcement. http://www.kansas.com/2010/08/01/1427779/aviation-sees-growth-in-law-enforcement.html. The advantages that a helicopter has over an airplane are that they can land and take off without the need for run ways. Their airfoil shape rotors are like the wings of an airplane, as the rotor spins, air flow faster over the tops of the blades than it does under, thus creating lift for flight. Their unique rotor design allows for them to takeoff vertically, fly in any direction including sideways, backwards and hover over an area. Their ability to hover provides coverage for the ground units on the street and if needed land to assist in foot pursuits. They can be equipped with a winch for the purpose of lowering or picking up personnel or equipments on the ground, at sea or on mountains during a search and rescue mission, where there is no place to land . They are better able to maneuver around tall structures at lower altitudes. manhttp://library.thinkquest.org/J0112389/helicopters.htm. On 14 November 2008, San Diego Police Department ABLE helicopter used the FLIR camera to catch a man facing murder charges for beating another with a crutch in the middle of the street. http://www.policeone.com/police-products/tactical/night-vision/videos/5954944-police-helicopter-catches-bizarre-street-fight-on-flir-camera On 30, January 3013 the NYPD police helicopter rescues a shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s captain who was having a heart attack. A dramatic nighttime helicopter rescue in New Yeark Harbor may have saved the life of a shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s captain. Police say they received a call Tuesday night that the captain of the Panamanian cargo ship Grey Shark was having a heart attack. The NYPD harbor medical team stabilized the 6 0 year old captain before calling the help of a police helicopter. A basket was lowered to hoist him up into the chopper, which then flew him to Staten Island University Hospital North. He was listed in stable condition. http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/176246/police-helicopter-rescues-ship-captain-who-was-having-a-heart-attack The helicopters are force multipliers for ground units, because they can monitor the tactical environment, give alerts or observe things which the ground units are unable to detect. Additionally, they can respond and cover ground more quickly than ground units. The flight deck of a helicopter can be equipped with multiple electronic equipments. Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) also know as glass cockpit that provides flight and system information to the crew, Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) camera allows the crew to see images created from infrared energy, moving map system show their location, satellite phones provide direct communication, di gital video downlink gives real time images, night vision goggles can be used in low light situation if needed, loudspeakers for communication or message deliver to the ground, tear gas dispensers, police and aviation radios . Disadvantages helicopters are that they cost more to operate and maintain. A fully equipped helicopter can cost from $500,000 to $3 million and the flying costs ranges from $200 to $400 per hour. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-09-30-cophelicopters_N.htm Maintenance, fuel, leasing and financing cost are three times then the cost to operate and maintain airplanes. Due to its abilities to fly lower and hover over areas it creates lots of noise and is easily detectable. The capacities of passengers that a helicopter can carry are limited. The Robinson RA-44 can carry 2 to 4 personnel and others like the Blackhawk UH-60 can carry 11 personnel or the Bell UH-1 that can be configured to carry 15 personnel. The general commercial helicopters used by t he law enforcement agencies have a flight time of two to four hours, with top speed from 50 to 200 knots and an average range of about 200 miles. The operations of fixed wing aircraft have some advantages over rotor wing aircrafts in law enforcement. They can perform a wide range of missions which requires them to stay airborne longer then a rotor wing aircraft is able to. Fix wing aircraft can carry more payloads and engine performances are great then those of rotor wing aircrafts. Aero surveillance, homeland security, speed enforcement and transport of people or gear are mostly the missions performed. http://www.lawofficer.com/article/patrol/fixed-wing-aircraft-law-enforc They are equipped with a variety of high tech equipments just as their rotor wing counterparts. The cabins are pressurized and allow for higher altitude flights. They can perform surveillance 5,000 ft to 6,000 ft and not be undetected. The average costs to maintain and operate a fixed wing aircraft per flight is about $54 for maintenance and $45 for fuel compared to a rotor wing aircraft. http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/aullea07.pdf The Custom Border Patrolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s P-3 AEW Orion airplane has a large fuel capacity of 60,000 lbs; flight time up to 10 to 13 hours, maximum range at low altitude is 2,500 NM and at high altitude 3,800 NM. Average cruising speed is 300 to 330 knots. It can carry a crew of 12 to 21 personnel. Normal crew consists of four systems operators, three pilots, two flight engineers and three maintenance crew members. This aircraft is integration with the E-2 Hawkeye aircraft radar system, which allows for it to see 200 NM in all directions. They coordinate and direct Navy and Coast Guard ship and aircrafts to the location of drug smuggling boats or planes. Primary mission are interdiction, over water operations, surveillance and homeland security. The use of this aircraft between the Jacksonville, Florida and the Texas office have contributed to the cap ture and seizure of 50 metric tons of drugs worth a roughly about 2 Billion dollars. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqCtrB_FZvE Fixed wing light sport aircraft generally cost between $60,000 and $130,000 to purchase and $50 per hour to fuel and maintain. They can fly at wide range of speeds of 35 to 125 knots making them an excellent platform for performing a broad range of law enforcement missions. It can carry up to 500 lbs and travel twice as far as a helicopter could. http://nij.gov/nij/topics/law-enforcement/operations/aviation/types-of-aircraft.htm The disadvantages of fix winged aircrafts are they require a runway to take off and land, assembling of the flight crew, delay on taking off due to congestion at airport, unable to see the other side of the aircraft. They cannot monitor the tactical environment very well and or unable to alerts or observe things which the ground units are unable to detect. Unable to land and assist with foot pursuits, canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t hover, t he aircraft is not equipped with rescue winch.

What are the marketing strategies of Amazon Research Paper

What are the marketing strategies of Amazon - Research Paper Example Political environment is slightly unfavourable for Amazon as several political parties in several countries opposing FDI due to several political interests. These oppositions may affect the global business expansion strategy of Amazon. Economic environment is unfavourable for Amazon. Recent financial crisis and global economic recession affected the economic condition of common people. Low disposable income and limited purchasing power are the major consequences of this economic crunch. People trying to save more rather than consumption. This may affect the business performance of Amazon. Social environment is favourable for Amazon. People are trying to consume products through internet and web-sources due to increase in the number of internet and social media users. This favourable socio-cultural aspect can help the organisation to maintain its business growth. Technological environment is favourable for Amazon. The business operation of Amazon requires effective support of advanced technological applications and web sources. Recent technological revolution is helping Amazon to enhance effective business operation activities. Legal environment is slightly unfavourable for Amazon. It is a multinational organisation. Therefore, the organisation has to follow different legal policies in different countries. Sometime, it affects the communication process among the employees and employers within the organisation in different market places. Government of each and every country is developing environmental sustainability policy in order to reduce the level of carbon foot print and carbon emission. The management and officials of Amazon are trying to follow the policy by integrating sustainable business approaches in business operation process. Government is supporting the initiatives that have been taken by the

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research Paper - Essay Example People like leading life that is far from fear. Natural justice demands respect to human life and dignity. Freedom ceases when human life is under the fear of terror attacks. Terror attacks and threats of terror attack impact on economy of a country. My thesis will dwell on terrorism since it has been an issue of interest in the recent past with several terror attacks reported in many parts of the world. Many people fear security threat and would rather keep off from places that have security problems. People would be keen to listen to information regarding terrorism. Research indicates that businesses and human activities, which lead to economic development becomes victims of terror attacks at a given time of their operations. Terrorism attack in the United State has led to closure of several businesses and death of dozens of citizens (Bruck 28). It is quite unfair for innocent people to die merciless in the hands of people who do not wish to air their concerns in dignified manner. How would a person feel when an innocent child loses his life because of terror attack? The government security agencies endeavor to provide security to the citizens. Protection from terror attack must come first in top government agenda. Stable economy of United States depends on the security system of the country. Many investors are reluctant to invest in countries, which suffer from terrorist attack. Terror risk deprives people from achieving natural justice. Terrorist acts fail to acknowledge respect for human dignity and rights. Institution of governments among people aims to provide checks and balances in human authority and activities. United States cannot progress when terrorism rule the society. It will water the progresses that the country has made. The society has viewed terrorism as a suicide attack for a very long time. Changes in technology have introduced new strains of terrorism in the society. These strains include biological terrorism, chemical terrorism and inform ation warfare. Information warfare is an act that would leak basic security information of a country thereby exposing the country to attack by the terrorist. This form of terrorism is quite recent and very difficult to control. United States is a superpower and would harbor information which when leaked would expose the country to security risks. Individuals who want the country to sympathize with their criminal acts would crack the information and expose it to the internet. On the other hand, biological or chemical terrorism would use the chemical technology to cause harm to the society. Manufacture of chemicals that would lead to massive death violates human rights. Death of innocent people is not acceptable. Biological engineering may result in formation of products that would lead to human death. The above forms of terrorism expose human life to risk thereby calling for protection against such. Researchers’ and database articles around the globe have shown that, societies have come up with means of airing their grievances. Terrorists approach to societal problems has attracted condemnation throughout the world. Countries feel insecure when terrorist are on the loose. The political system of the country would suffer on the hands of terrorist. The society expects the political government in office to take responsibility of providing security to the people (Bruck 78). When the government sounds a terror risk, the political system of the country becomes weak. The political responsibility demands that a

Critique of Anand Hollas Article Entitled Obsessed with Your Cell Essay

Critique of Anand Hollas Article Entitled Obsessed with Your Cell Phone - Essay Example The article is timely because the author was able to determine that our dependency towards technology particularly cellphone has already developed to a proportion that is already a disorder. The author intended to create awareness among the readers so that they would examine themselves if they are already addicted to their smartphones by comparing their behaviors to the behaviors cited in the article. And if they are, they can seek help just like what the subjects did in the article. The good thing about this article is that the author made its audience realize that addiction towards cellphone is not healthy. Many people especially teenagers think that their dependency towards their smartphones are cool when it is in fact not. It would be difficult to ascertain with certainty if the author had successfully convinced its audience that smartphone use has already assumed a proportion of disorder. There no surveys included in the article that provided reader response. But personally, I t hink the arguments of the author are quite persuasive. I may not be that totally sold with the point of view yet because I am still looking for more literature to support his claim, but the article has definitely made me think and consider that smartphone dependency of many people is already troublesome. If the study is to be believed smartphone addiction is already â€Å"similar to drugs or cigarette addiction† which is already troublesome. To say that I agree already with the author would be quite premature considering that there is only one point of view that is presented to me and does not have anything to support or refute his arguments. Basing however from experience and observation, I think that the author made a good case and if presented with supporting scientific literature that is peer-reviewed, his case could convince me. Inferring from my observation, I see a lot of young people who are hooked not just with their smartphones but also to social media such as Faceb ook and Twitter. Some are even exclaiming that they cannot live without their smartphones or their Facebook or they could not imagine life without it.